Carbureter.



UNITED STATES PATENT Ormes.

WILLIAM A. BOLE AND EDWIN RUUD, OF'PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, i ASSIGNORS TO THE WESTINGHOUSE MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPO- RATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CARBURETER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 685,504, dated October 29, 1901.

Application iiled May 5, 1900. Serial No. 15.608, (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t `may concern:

Beit known that We, WILLIAM A. BOLE and EDWIN RUUD, citizens of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a neviT and usefulImprovementin Gasiers for Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to apparatus for producing a saturated mixture of air and gasolene for use in the operation of internal-combustion or explosive engines; and it has for its object to provide a simple and efficient apparatus which shall beV automatic and continuous in its operation and the use of which is devoid of all dan ger arising from the escapel of gas from the apparatus.

With these ends in view We have devised the apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of the apparatus employed in practicing our invention, a portion of the building in which the apparatus is located being also shown in section. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional vieW of the saturating-chamber, in which the mixture of air and gasolene is edected. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a thermostatic device for regulating the temperature Within the saturating-chamber. Fig. t is a plan view of a distributing-plate, and Fig. 5 is a'plan view of one of the mixing or deiiectingplates.

Since the apparatus devised by us is employed for making a saturated mixture of Aairl and gasolene, We term it a gasiiier, and it Will be hereinafter so designated and referred to.

The receptacle in which the saturation of air with gasolene is effected comprises an upright sheet-metal tubular chamber 1, having a jacket 2, which surrounds the chamber and extends longitudinallythroughoutthe greater portion of its length. The bottom of tube l is iitted into and supported bya hollow casting 3, that constitutes a chamber to receive the unabsorbed portion of the gasolene that descends through the chamber v1. The casting 3 is provided at one side with an opening 4, into which is fitted one end of an air-inlet pipe 5. As here Shown, this air-inlet pipe extends vertically through the roof of the building 6, in which the apparatus is located; but obviously the air might be supplied to the opening 4 through a pipel extending in a dierent direction and of diiferent length from that shown. 5 and of the opening-imay be different from what is shown, and more than one opening and more than one pipe may be employed, if desired. The only restriction as regards this feature of the apparatus is that the means for supplying the air shall be such as to provide air in sufficient quantity.

Y Supported in a suitable socket 7 in the bottom of the casting 3 is a rod 8, on Which are supported, at suitable intervals, perforated In fact the size of the pipe i i mixing or baffling plates 9, these plates being preferably so disposed that the perforations in adjacent plates will be out of alinement, so as to provide zigzag paths for the ascending air and the descending gasolene, and thus facilitate the saturating operation. At the top of rod 8 is supported a perforated dishshaped distributing-plate 10, into which the gasolene flows from the lower end of the supply-pipe 11, this pipe being supported gasolene which is supplied to the saturatingchamber through the pipe 1l is derived primarily from a gasolene tank or receptacle 13 through pipes 14 and l5, a suitable pump 16 being employed for forcing the gasolene through the pipe 1l. When the circulatory system is once in operation, only sufficient gasolene will be drawn from the tank I3 to take the place of that which is absorbed by the current of air iowing through the saturating-chamber. The unvaporized gasolene by a Y cap-plate 12, through which it projects. The l that flows into the chamber in casting 3 flows out into the pipe 14 through apipe 17 and is the saturating-chamber.

The pump 16 may be driven from anyfsuitablesource of power, but preferably, as here.

lpumped back through pipes 15 and 11 into valve of the engine.` In order that the apparatus may be successfully operated, it is essential that the temperature ot' the satu rating-chamber be maintained approximately uniform. We therefore supply hot water to the jacket 2 and regulate the temperature of the water in the jacket by means of a suitable thermostatic device. Since it is necessary to cool the cylinders and other hotparts of the engine by means of jackets to which cold water is supplied, it is convenient and economical to employ the water thus heated in the engine-jackets for maintaining a proper temperature in the chamber of the gasier. jackets of the engine through a pipe 2U, and the hot Water is taken from the jackets of the engine by means of a pipe 2l and iiows therefrom through the pipe 22 into the jacket 2, near its lowerend. As the watersupplied through the pipe 22 rises in the jacket it becomes cool and Hows down and ou t through the pipe 23, in the upper end of which is located a tube 24, of brass or some other metal, having a comparative large coefficient of expansion, the lowerend of thistube being free and the upper end rigidly fastened to a cap-piece or coupling 25. Extending from the cap-piece or coupling 25 is a waste-pipe 26, through which the cold water ilows. Located in the tube 24 is a rod 27, of steel or othersuitable material, the coefficient of expansion of which is less than that of the metal of which tube 24 is comprised. Resting upon the upper end of this rod 27 is a pivoted lever 28, upon the free end of which rests the end of ascrew 29, that is adjustably mounted in a lever-arm 30. The free end of the arm 30 supports the stem 3l of a valve 32, the latter being pressed toward its seat by means of a coiled spring 33, this valve when closed serving to cut off connection between pipes 21 and 22. It Will be readily understood that the several parts of this thermostatic controlling device may be so adjusted as to insure a practically constant temperature of the water owing from the jacket 2, and consequently to maintain the temperature Within the saturating-chamber at such a degree as will give the best results in the saturating operation.

It is to be understood that we do not limit our invention to the specific details of apparatus illustrated and described, since these may be variously modified without in any Way restricting the spirit and scope of the invention.

As has been already stated, the opening or openings through which the air is admitted to the gasifier may be of any size, provided the total cross-sectional area is equal to or greater than the cross-sectional area of the pipe 19, there being no attempt to measure or limit the quantity of air admitted to the gasifler. There is also no measurement or limitation of the quantity of gasolene pumped through the apparatus, the sole consideration in this connection being that sufficient gaso- The cold water is supplied to the' lene is pumped to completely saturate the air flowing in the opposite direction. It follows from the fact that the air is taken into the apparatus at atmospheric pressure by suction that the pressure within the gasifier is always less than atmospheric pressure when the apparatus is in operation. Itis obvious, therefore, that no escape of gas from the apparatus to the atmosphere can take place, and since the mixture of air and gasolene-va por in the gasiiier is too rich to explode all danger of injuries in the use of the apparatus is obviated. The engine, which is supplied with the mixture, determines the quantity of air that is taken into the gasiier, and since there is a complete circulatory system for the gasolene the operation of the engine is in no way affected by increasing the speed at which the pump operates beyond that speed which shall be determined upon as adequate to supply sufficient gasolene.

We claim as our inventionl. Thecombinationwithagasolene-engine, a gasolene-receptacle and a saturating-chamber having an air-inlet at its bottom, a gasoutlet at its top and internal means for effecting saturation of the air as it passes through the apparatus, of a pump having pipe connections with the gasolene-receptacle and with both the top and the bottom of the saturating-chamber whereby a complete circulation of all gasolene drawn from the receptacle is effected, a hot-water jacket for the saturating-chamber, means for insuring water circulation therethrough and means for controlling the temperature of the Water in said jacket.

2. A gasiier for gasoleneengines having an air-inlet at or near its lower end, a gasoleneinlet and a gas-outlet at its upper end, baffleplates for subdividing the oppositely-owing currents of air and gasolene and a hot-Water jacket, in combination with pipes and a pump for maintaining circulation of all unvaporized gasolene that is supplied to the gasiier,means for maintaining a substantially uniform supply ofgasolene in the' circulatory system and means for maintaining a supply of hot water, at the desired temperature, to the gasifierjacket.

3. A gasiiier for gasolene-engines, compris ing a saturating-chamber having a gasoleneinlet at its top, an air-inlet at or near its bottom and intermediate means forsubdividing the falling gasolene into a spray, an external pump for withdrawing substantially all of the unvaporized gasolene from the bottom of the saturating-chamber and returning it to the top, and means for supplying the amount of gasolene that is necessary to maintain a substantially constant quantity in the circulatory system. 1

L Agasifier for gasolene-engines, compris ing a saturating-chamberhaving a gasoleneinlet at its top, an air-inlet at or near its bot# tom and intermediate means for subdividing the falling gasolene into a spray, an external IOO IIO

pump for withdrawing substantially all of the unvaporized gasolene from the bottom of the saturating-chamber and returning it to the top, means for supplying the pump with such additional amount of gasolene as is necessary to maintain a substantially constant quantity in the circulatory system and means for subjecting the saturating-chamber to an automatically-regulated degree of heat. 5. A gasifier for gasolene-engines having means for maintaining a continuous circulation of a substantially uniform quantity of gasolene therethrough in one direction and a substantially unrestricted current of air at or below atmospheric pressure in the opposite direction, means for subdividing the currents of air and gasolene and a heating-jacket, in combination with a gasolene-engine, connections between its cylinders and the gasieroutlet, connections between its Water jacket or jackets and the heating-jacket of the gasiter and thermostat-ic means for maintaining the desired temperature in said heatingjacket.

6. The combination with a gasolene-engine having a Water-jacket, a gasolene-receptacle, and a saturating-chamber having a gasoleneinlet and a gas-outlet at one end and a gasolene-outlet and an air-inlet atthe opposite end, means for effecting saturation of the air as it passes through the chamber, and a waterjacket, of pipe connections between the saturating-chamber jacket and the engine-jacket and means for eecting a circulation of a substantially uniform quantity of gasolene through the saturating-chamber. 1

7. The combination with a gasolene-engine having a Water-jacket, a gasolene-receptacle, and a saturating-chamber having a gasoleneinlet and a gas-outlet at one end and a gasolene-outlet and an air-inlet at the opposite end, means for effecting saturation of the air as it passes through the chamber, and a water-jacket, of pipe connections between the saturating-chamber jacket and the enginejacket, thermostatic means for controlling the temperature of the Water in the saturatingchamber jacket and means for eectingv a circulation of a substantially uniform-quantity of gasolene through the `saturatingchamber.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto subscribed our names this 4th day of May, A. D. 1900.

WILLIAM A. BoLE. EDWIN RUUD.

Witnesses:

WM. DoWNToN, JAS. FERRIS. 

